Docker: Dockerfile

===Dockerfile===

FROM ubuntu:15.04
COPY . /app
RUN make /app
CMD python /app/app.py

use .dockerignore

===Working with Instructions===

sudo yum install git -y

mkdir docker_images

cd docker_images

mkdir weather-app
cd weather-app

git clone https://github.com/linuxacademy/content-weather-app.git src

vi Dockerfile

FROM node
LABEL org.label-schema.version=v1.1
RUN mkdir -p /var/node
ADD src/ /var/node
WORKDIR /var/node
RUN npm install
EXPOSE 3000
CMD ./bin/www

docker image build -t linuxacademy/weather-app:v1 .

docker image ls

docker container run -d --name weather-app1 -p 8081:3000 linuxacademy/weather-app:v1

docker container ls

curl localhost:8081

===Environment Variables===

cd docker_images
mkdir env
cd env

git clone https://github.com/linuxacademy/content-weather-app.git src

vi Dockerfile

FROM node
LABEL org.label-schema.version=v1.1
ENV NODE_ENV="development"
ENV PORT 3000

RUN mkdir -p /var/node
ADD src/ /var/node/
WORKDIR /var/node
RUN npm install
EXPOSE $PORT
CMD ./bin/www

docker image build -t linuxacademy/weather-app:v2 .

docker image ls

docker image inspect linuxacademy/weather-app:v2

docker container run -d --name weather-dev -p 8082:3001 --env PORT=3001 linuxacademy/weather-app:v2

docker container ls

curl localhost:8082

docker container inspect weather-dev

docker container run -d --name weather-app2 -p 8083:3001 --env PORT=3001 --env NODE_ENV=production linuxacademy/weather-app:v2

docker container inspect weather-app2


curl localhost:8083

docker container logs weather-app2

docker container run -d --name weather-prod -p 8084:3000 --env NODE_ENV=production linuxacademy/weather-app:v2

docker container logs weather-prod

curl localhost:8084

===Build Args===

cd docker_images
mkdir args
cd args

git clone https://github.com/linuxacademy/content-weather-app.git src

vi Dockerfile

FROM node
LABEL org.label-schema.version=v1.1
ARG SRC_DIR=/var/node

RUN mkdir -p $SRC_DIR
ADD src/ $SRC_DIR
WORKDIR $SRC_DIR
RUN npm install
EXPOSE 3000
CMD ./bin/www

docker image build -t linuxacademy/weather-app:v3 --build-arg SRC_DIR=/var/code .

docker image inspect linuxacademy/weather-app:v3 | grep WorkingDir

docker container run -d --name weather-app3 -p 8085:3000 linuxacademy/weather-app:v3

curl localhost:8085


===Working with Non-privileged User===

cd docker_images
mkdir non-privileged-user
cd non-privileged-user

vi Dockerfile

FROM centos:latest
RUN useradd -ms /bin/bash cloud_user
USER cloud_user

docker image build -t centos7/nonroot:v1 .

docker container run -it --name test-build centos7/nonroot:v1 /bin/bash

bash$ sudo su
bash$ su -
bash$ exit

docker container ls

docker container start test-build

docker container exec -u 0 -it test-build /bin/bash

bash$ whoami
bash$ exit

cd ~/docker_images
mkdir node-non-privileged-user
cd node-non-privileged-user

vi Dockerfile

FROM node
LABEL org.label-schema.version=v1.1
RUN useradd -ms /bin/bash node_user
USER node_user
ADD src/ /home/node_user
WORKDIR /home/node_user
RUN npm install
EXPOSE 3000
CMD ./bin/www

git clone https://github.com/linuxacademy/content-weather-app.git src

docker image build -t linuxacademy/weather-app-nonroot:v1 .

docker container run -d --name weather-app-nonroot -p 8086:3000 linuxacademy/weather-app-nonroot:v1

curl localhost:8086

===Order of Execution===

cd docker_images
mkdir centos-conf
cd centos-conf

vi Dockerfile

FROM centos:latest
RUN mkdir -p ~/new-dir1
RUN useradd -ms /bin/bash cloud_user
RUN mkdir -p /etc/myconf
RUN echo "Some config data" >> /etc/myconf/my.conf
USER cloud_user
RUN mkdir -p ~/new-dir2

docker image build -t centos7/myconf:v1 .

===Using the Volume Instruction===

cd docker_images
mkdir volumes
cd volumes

vi Dockerfile

FROM nginx:latest
VOLUME ["/usr/share/nginx/html/"]

docker image build -t linuxacademy/nginx:v1 .

docker container run -d --name nginx-volume linuxacademy/nginx:v1

docker container inspect nginx-volume

docker volume inspect volume-id

sudo ls -la /var/lib/docker/volumes/volume-id/_data

Docker: Container Logging

docker container run --name weather-app -d -p 80:3000 linuxacademycontent/weather-app

docker container ls

docker container logs container_id

docker container logs container_id

docker container run -d --name ghost_blog \
-e database__client=mysql \
-e database__connection_host=mysql \
-e database__connection_user=root \
-e database__connection_password=password \
-e database__connection_database=ghost \
-p 8080:2368 \
ghost:1-alpine

docker container ls

docker container ls -a

docker container logs container_id

===Summary===

Create a container using the weather-app image.

docker container run --name weather-app -d -p 80:3000 linuxacademycontent/weather-app

Show information logged by a running container:

docker container logs [NAME]

Show information logged by all containers participating in a service:

docker service logs [SERVICE]

Logs need to be output to STDOUT and STDERR.

Nginx Example:

RUN ln -sf /dev/stdout /var/log/nginx/access.log \
    && ln -sf /dev/stderr /var/log/nginx/error.log

Debug a failed container deploy:

docker container run -d --name ghost_blog \
-e database__client=mysql \
-e database__connection__host=mysql \
-e database__connection__user=root \
-e database__connection__password=P4sSw0rd0! \
-e database__connection__database=ghost \
-p 8080:2368 \
ghost:1-alpine

Docker: Executing Container Commands

docker container run -d nginx

docker container ls

docker container run -it nginx /bin/bash

# nginx -g 'daemon off;'

docker container ls

docker container inspect container_id

curl 172.17.0.3


# exit

docker container ls

docker container ls -a

docker container exec -it container_id ls /usr/share/nginx/html
docker container exec -it container_id /bin/bash

# apt-get update -y
# exit

docker container prune

docker container rm -f container_id

===Summary===

Executing a command:

• Dockerfile
• During a Docker run
• Using the exec command

Commands can be:

• One and done Commands
• Long running Commands

Start a container with a command:

docker container run [IMAGE] [CMD]

Execute a command on a container:

docker container exec -it [NAME] [CMD]

Example:

docker container run -d -p 8080:80 nginx
docker container ps
docker container exec -it [NAME] /bin/bash
docker container exec -it [NAME] ls /usr/share/nginx/html/

Docker: Exposing and Publishing Container Ports

===Exposing Container Ports===

docker container run -d nginx

docker container ls

curl localhost

docker inspect container container_id

curl 172.17.0.2

docker container run -d --expose 3000 nginx

docker container ls

docker rm -f container_id

docker container run -d --expose 3000 -p 80:3000 nginx

docker container ls

curl localhost:3000
connection refused

docker container rm -f container_id


docker container run -d --expose 3000 -p 8080:80 nginx

curl localhost:8080

docker container run -d -p 8081:80/tcp -p 8081:80/udp nginx


curl localhost:8081

docker container run -d -P nginx

docker container ls

curl localhost:32768

docker container port container_id

===Summary===

Exposing:

• Expose a port or a range of ports
• This does not publish the port
• Use --expose [PORT]

docker container run --expose 1234 [IMAGE]

Publishing:

• Maps a container's port to a host`s port
• -p or --publish publishes a container's port(s) to the host
• -P, or --publish-all publishes all exposed ports to random ports

docker container run -p [HOST_PORT]:[CONTAINER_PORT] [IMAGE]
docker container run -p [HOST_PORT]:[CONTAINER_PORT]/tcp -p [HOST_PORT]:[CONTAINER_PORT]/udp [IMAGE]
docker container run -P

Lists all port mappings or a specific mapping for a container:

docker container port [Container_NAME]

Docker - Creating Containers

docker container run --help

docker container run busybox

docker container ls

docker container ls -a

docker container run --rm busybox

docker container ls -a

docker container run nginx

docker container run -d nginx

docker container ls

docker container ls -a

docker container run -it busybox

# ls
# exit

docker container prune -f

docker container run --name my_busybox busybox

docker container ls -a

===Summary===

docker container run:

• --help Print usage
• --rm Automatically remove the container when it exits
• -d, --detach Run container in background and print container ID
• -i, --interactive Keep STDIN open even if not attached
• --name string Assign a name to the container
• -p, --publish list Publish a container's port(s) to the host
• -t, --tty Allocate a pseudo-TTY
• -v, --volume list Mount a volume (the bind type of mount)
• --mount mount Attach a filesystem mount to the container
• --network string Connect a container to a network (default "default")

Create a container and attach to it:

docker container run –it busybox

Create a container and run it in the background:

docker container run –d nginx

Create a container that you name and run it in the background:

docker container run –d –name myContainer busybox

Docker Commands

docker -h | more

docker image -h

docker image ls -h

docker image ls

docker image pull nginx


docker image ls

docker image inspect image_id

docker container -h

docker container ls

docker container run busybox

docker container ls

docker container ls -a

docker container run -P -d nginx

docker container ps

docker container inspect container_id

curl http://172.17.0.2

docker container inspect container_id

docker container top container_id

docker container ls
docker container attach container_id

docker container ls

docker container ls -a

docker container start container_id

docker container ls

docker container stop container_id
docker container start container_id

docker container logs container_id

docker container ls

curl localhost:32774

docker container logs container_id

docker container ls

docker container stats container_id

docker container exec -it container_id /bin/bash

# ls
# ls /usr/share/nginx/html/
# exit

docker container ls

docker container exec -it container_id ls /usr/share/nginx/html/

docker container ls

docker container pause container_id

docker container ls

docker container unpause container_id


docker container ls -a

docker container rm -f container_id

docker container ls -a

docker container prune

docker container ls -a

docker container prune -h

docker container prune -f

===Summary===

Get a list of all of the Docker commands:

docker -h

Management command were introduced in Docker engine v1.13

Management Commands:

• builder Manage builds
• config Manage Docker configs
• container Manage containers
• engine Manage the docker engine
• image Manage images
• network Manage networks
• node Manage Swarm nodes
• plugin Manage plugins
• secret Manage Docker secrets
• service Manage services
• stack Manage Docker stacks
• swarm Manage Swarm
• system Manage Docker
• trust Manage trust on Docker images
• volume Manage volumes

docker image:

• build Build an image from a dockerfile
• history Show the history of an image
• import Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
• inspect Display detailed information on one or more images
• load Load an image from a tar file or STDIN
• ls List images
• prune Remove unused images
• pull Pull an image or a repository from a registry
• push Push an image or a repository to a registry
• rm Remove one or more images
• save Save one or more images to a tar file (streamed to STDOUT by default)
• tag Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE

docker container:

• attach Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container
• commit Create a new image from a container's changes
• cp Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
• create Create a new container
• diff Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystem
• exec Run a command in a running container
• export Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive
• inspect Display detailed information on one or more containers
• kill Kill one or more running containers
• logs Fetch the logs of a container
• ls List containers
• pause Pause all processes within one or more containers
• port List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container
• prune Remove all stopped containers
• rename Rename a container
• restart Restart one or more containers
• rm Remove one or more containers
• run Run a command in a new container
• start Start one or more stopped containers
• stats Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
• stop Stop one or more running containers
• top Display the running processes of a container
• unpause Unpause all processes within one or more containers
• update Update configuration of one or more containers
• wait Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes

Docker Reference

Docker Reference

Manage images

docker image pull <image name>

docker image ls

docker image build -t <image name> .

docker image push <image name>

docker image tag <image id> <tag name>



---
Manage Containers

docker container run -p <public port>:<container port> <image name>

docker container ls -a

docker container stop <container id>

docker container start <container id>

docker container rm <container id>

docker container prune

docker container run -it <image name>

docker container run -d <image name>

docker container exec -it <container id> <command>

docker container exec -it <container id> bash

docker container logs -f <container id>

docker container commit -a "author" <container id> <image name>



---
Manage your (local) Virtual Machine

docker-machine ip



---
Manage Networks

docker network ls

docker network create <network name>



---
Manage Volumes

docker volume ls

docker volume prune

docker volume inspect <volume name>

docker volume rm <volume name>



---
Docker Compose

docker-compose up

docker-compose up -d

docker-compose logs -f <service name>

docker-compose down



---
Manage a Swarm

docker swarm init (--advertise-addr <ip address>)

docker service create <args>

docker network create --driver overlay <name>

docker service ls

docker node ls

docker service logs -f <service name>

docker service ps <service name>

docker swarm join-token <worker|manager>



---
Manage Stacks

docker stack ls

docker stack deploy -c <compose file> <stack name>

docker stack rm <stack name>